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paperclip/docs/adapters/creating-an-adapter.md
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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-03-03 08:45:26 -06:00

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---
title: Creating an Adapter
summary: Guide to building a custom adapter
---
Build a custom adapter to connect Paperclip to any agent runtime.
## Package Structure
```
packages/adapters/<name>/
package.json
tsconfig.json
src/
index.ts # Shared metadata
server/
index.ts # Server exports
execute.ts # Core execution logic
parse.ts # Output parsing
test.ts # Environment diagnostics
ui/
index.ts # UI exports
parse-stdout.ts # Transcript parser
build-config.ts # Config builder
cli/
index.ts # CLI exports
format-event.ts # Terminal formatter
```
## Step 1: Root Metadata
`src/index.ts` is imported by all three consumers. Keep it dependency-free.
```ts
export const type = "my_agent"; // snake_case, globally unique
export const label = "My Agent (local)";
export const models = [
{ id: "model-a", label: "Model A" },
];
export const agentConfigurationDoc = `# my_agent configuration
Use when: ...
Don't use when: ...
Core fields: ...
`;
```
## Step 2: Server Execute
`src/server/execute.ts` is the core. It receives an `AdapterExecutionContext` and returns an `AdapterExecutionResult`.
Key responsibilities:
1. Read config using safe helpers (`asString`, `asNumber`, etc.)
2. Build environment with `buildPaperclipEnv(agent)` plus context vars
3. Resolve session state from `runtime.sessionParams`
4. Render prompt with `renderTemplate(template, data)`
5. Spawn the process with `runChildProcess()` or call via `fetch()`
6. Parse output for usage, costs, session state, errors
7. Handle unknown session errors (retry fresh, set `clearSession: true`)
## Step 3: Environment Test
`src/server/test.ts` validates the adapter config before running.
Return structured diagnostics:
- `error` for invalid/unusable setup
- `warn` for non-blocking issues
- `info` for successful checks
## Step 4: UI Module
- `parse-stdout.ts` — converts stdout lines to `TranscriptEntry[]` for the run viewer
- `build-config.ts` — converts form values to `adapterConfig` JSON
- Config fields React component in `ui/src/adapters/<name>/config-fields.tsx`
## Step 5: CLI Module
`format-event.ts` — pretty-prints stdout for `paperclipai run --watch` using `picocolors`.
## Step 6: Register
Add the adapter to all three registries:
1. `server/src/adapters/registry.ts`
2. `ui/src/adapters/registry.ts`
3. `cli/src/adapters/registry.ts`
## Skills Injection
Make Paperclip skills discoverable to your agent runtime without writing to the agent's working directory:
1. **Best: tmpdir + flag** — create tmpdir, symlink skills, pass via CLI flag, clean up after
2. **Acceptable: global config dir** — symlink to the runtime's global plugins directory
3. **Acceptable: env var** — point a skills path env var at the repo's `skills/` directory
4. **Last resort: prompt injection** — include skill content in the prompt template
## Security
- Treat agent output as untrusted (parse defensively, never execute)
- Inject secrets via environment variables, not prompts
- Configure network access controls if the runtime supports them
- Always enforce timeout and grace period